LncSEA 2.0 introduced Gene Set Variation Analysis(GSVA) to estimates GSVA enrichment scores. GSVA assesses the relative enrichment of gene sets across samples using a non-parametric approach. Conceptually, GSVA transforms a p-gene by n-sample gene expression matrix into a g-geneset by n-sample pathway enrichment matrix. This facilitates many forms of statistical analysis in the 'space' of pathways rather than genes, providing a higher level of interpretability.